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SS Cumberland
The ''Cumberland'' was a wooden-hulled side paddlewheeler built in 1871; it was wrecked off the shore of Isle Royale in Lake Superior in 1877 and the remains are still on the lake bottom. The wreck was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.〔
==History==
The ''Cumberland'' was constructed in 1871 by Melanchthan & Simpson of Port Robinson, Ontario for Perry & Company, a Toronto steamship line.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Superior Shipwrecks )〕 The ship was launched on August 8, 1871. The ''Cumberlands design was typical of the sidewheel steamers built for Great Lakes travel in the 1840s-1880s.〔 It was a wooden-hulled, sidewheel paddleboat, 208 feet in length at the keel and 214 feet in length total.〔 The ship had a beam of 28 feet (48 feet overall), a draft of 10 feet 6 inches, and measured 750 tons gross.〔 The ship was powered by a 400HP walking beam engine with a single boiler and possessed paddlewheels 30 feet in diameter.〔〔
The ''Cumberland'' was built for Northern Railway of Canada, the parent company of the Toronto and Lake Superior Navigation Company, to run between Duluth, Minnesota and Collingwood or Owen Sound, Ontario,〔 and was named For Fred W. Cumberland, Northern Railway's general manager.〔 The ship first saw service in May 1871.〔
During its service, the ''Cumberland'' was involved in a number of serious incidents. In November 1872, the ship was frozen in the ice in the St. Mary's River; most of the crew trekked on foot from the ship to Collingwood, Ontario; leaving a few cremembers and passengers on the vessel.〔 The fate of those left aboard is not known, but it is likely the ship overwintered in the ice.〔 In November 1874, the ''Cumberland'' was caught in a storm on its way to Thunder Bay.〔 Caulking of the ship's hull came loose in several areas, and it began to take on water.〔 To lighten the load, livestock on the deck was thrown overboard.〔 The ship made it to port with six feet of water in the hold and promptly sank.〔 In November 1875, the ''Cumberland'' was again caught in a storm, and was grounded near Silver Islet, Ontario.〔 Luckily, there was little damage from this incident, and cargo and passengers soon arrived safely in Thunder Bay.〔 In September 1876, the ship ran aground again, this time at Owen Sound.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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